Optimal design of perforated fins for LED radial heat sink module with varied hole numbers and sizes

The main purpose of this work is to apply the Levenberg-Marquardt Method (LMM) in conjunction with the software package CFD-ACE+ to investigate the optimal design of perforated fins for light-emitting diode (LED) radial heat dissipation module with varied hole numbers and sizes under natural convection conditions, which had not been explored previously. This study primarily examines achieving optimal heat dissipation by perforating the fins while keeping the volume and fin array number fixed. Following optimization, it became evident that the presence of perforations on the heat dissipation fins results in a noticeable decrease in thermal resistance since the thermal resistance of the optimal perforated heat sink is 29.1 % lower than that of the original design heat sink. Further investigation revealed a deliberate design choice: the perforations near the heat source are smaller at the bottom and progressively increase in size towards the uppermost part, establishing a discernible pattern of escalating hole dimensions from bottom to top. Additionally, infrared thermography experiments are conducted to measure the temperature data on the base surface of the heat dissipation fins. The aim is to compare the numerical simulation results with the actual experimental data. In the course of experimental validation, it was determined that the variance between numerical simulation outcomes and real-world experiments was negligible since the maximum relative error observed across all the cases considered consistently stays below 2.5 %. These results provide additional confirmation of the substantial influence of the perforation design on the effectiveness of heat dissipation fins, guaranteeing their improved ability to efficiently disperse heat in their intended operational conditions.