TY - JOUR
T1 - Performance of off-grid small cells with non-uniform deployment in Two-Tier HetNet
AU - Liu, Kuang Hao
AU - Yu, Ting Yi
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received September 11, 2017; revised May 1, 2018; accepted June 26, 2018. Date of publication July 18, 2018; date of current version September 10, 2018. This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, under Grant MOST 105-2221-E-006-035. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was B. Hamdaoui. (Corresponding author: Kuang-Hao Liu.) K.-H. Liu is with the Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan (e-mail: [email protected]).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2002-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2018/9
Y1 - 2018/9
N2 - The dense deployment of low-power small-cell base stations (SBSs) can complement existing macro base stations (MBSs) to address the $1000\times $ mobile data challenge. Considering the low power rating of SBSs, it may be possible to supply them with renewable energy, providing an appealing alternative for hyper-dense deployment of small cells. Since renewable energy is weak and intermittent, off-grid SBSs may not be always active. This raises the concern as to whether they can be a real solution. To assess the performance of a heterogeneous network (HetNet) with two tiers, including the traditional MBSs supplied by grid power and off-grid SBSs supplied by renewable energy, this paper develops an analytical framework based on the celebrated stochastic geometry. The proposed framework is versatile with numerous features included: non-uniform BS deployment, biased user association, flexible operation of off-grid SBSs, and resource allocation with minimum rate guarantee. We obtain important distance distributions, association probabilities, and coverage probabilities. Extensive numerical results validate the accuracy of theoretical analysis and show the impact of key system parameters on the performance of HetNet with off-grid SBSs.
AB - The dense deployment of low-power small-cell base stations (SBSs) can complement existing macro base stations (MBSs) to address the $1000\times $ mobile data challenge. Considering the low power rating of SBSs, it may be possible to supply them with renewable energy, providing an appealing alternative for hyper-dense deployment of small cells. Since renewable energy is weak and intermittent, off-grid SBSs may not be always active. This raises the concern as to whether they can be a real solution. To assess the performance of a heterogeneous network (HetNet) with two tiers, including the traditional MBSs supplied by grid power and off-grid SBSs supplied by renewable energy, this paper develops an analytical framework based on the celebrated stochastic geometry. The proposed framework is versatile with numerous features included: non-uniform BS deployment, biased user association, flexible operation of off-grid SBSs, and resource allocation with minimum rate guarantee. We obtain important distance distributions, association probabilities, and coverage probabilities. Extensive numerical results validate the accuracy of theoretical analysis and show the impact of key system parameters on the performance of HetNet with off-grid SBSs.
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U2 - 10.1109/TWC.2018.2854867
DO - 10.1109/TWC.2018.2854867
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85050248110
SN - 1536-1276
VL - 17
SP - 6135
EP - 6148
JO - IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
JF - IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
IS - 9
M1 - 8412748
ER -