Recovery of germanium from waste Optical Fibers by hydrometallurgical method

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• acid 5%
• cable 17%
• communication industry 14%
• fiber 55%
• fiber optics 10%
• germanium 94%
• hydrofluoric acid 11%
• hydroxide 7%
• leaching 12%
• liquid 5%
• metal 4%
• method 16%
• pH-value 7%
• raw material 6%
• recycling 6%
• sodium 6%
• sulfuric acid 8%

Engineering & Materials Science

• Acids 7%
• Fibers 5%
• Hydrofluoric acid 12%
• Industry 3%
• Leaching 20%
• Liquids 5%
• Metals 5%
• Optical cables 21%
• Optical fiber communication 12%
• Optical fibers 78%
• Raw materials 7%
• Recovery 50%
• Recycling 8%
• Silicon 19%
• Sodium hydroxide 9%
• Solvent extraction 11%
• Sulfuric acid 10%

Chemical Compounds

• Fiber 47%
• Industry 6%
• Leaching 14%
• Metal 3%
• pH Value 3%
• Raw Material 6%
• Recycling 7%
• Sodium Hydroxide 7%
• Sulfuric Acid 7%
• Time 5%