TY - JOUR
T1 - Reducing speed and fuel transfer of the Green Flag Incentive Program in Kaohsiung Port Taiwan
AU - Chang, Ching Chih
AU - Jhang, Chia Wei
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was, in part, supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan, R.O.C. and the Research Center for Energy Technology and Strategy . The Aim for the Top University Project to the National Cheng Kung University (NCKU).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Ltd.
Copyright:
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2016/7/1
Y1 - 2016/7/1
N2 - This research applied the Green Flag Program to assess the benefits of reducing speed and fuel transfer for large merchant vessels (bulk and container) entering Kaohsiung Port. This study adopts an activity-based model to calculate fuel consumption and emissions, as well as setting up two scenarios, (1) decrease vessel speed to 12 knots 20 nm away from port; and (2) decrease vessel speed to 12 knots and transfer fuel 20 nm away from port, which based on the Green Flag Program in Long Beach, in the U.S. The findings are (1) In scenario one, the container and bulk vessels saw reductions in CO2 emissions of about 41% and 14%, respectively. In scenario two, container and bulk vessels had reductions of about 48% and 43% in SO2 emissions, respectively. (2) Large vessels are more environmentally friendly than small vessels. (3) Using the CATCH model to assess the effectiveness of the two scenarios, it was found that container vessels benefited from both reducing speed and fuel transfer, while bulk carriers only did so from the former.
AB - This research applied the Green Flag Program to assess the benefits of reducing speed and fuel transfer for large merchant vessels (bulk and container) entering Kaohsiung Port. This study adopts an activity-based model to calculate fuel consumption and emissions, as well as setting up two scenarios, (1) decrease vessel speed to 12 knots 20 nm away from port; and (2) decrease vessel speed to 12 knots and transfer fuel 20 nm away from port, which based on the Green Flag Program in Long Beach, in the U.S. The findings are (1) In scenario one, the container and bulk vessels saw reductions in CO2 emissions of about 41% and 14%, respectively. In scenario two, container and bulk vessels had reductions of about 48% and 43% in SO2 emissions, respectively. (2) Large vessels are more environmentally friendly than small vessels. (3) Using the CATCH model to assess the effectiveness of the two scenarios, it was found that container vessels benefited from both reducing speed and fuel transfer, while bulk carriers only did so from the former.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84961838990&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84961838990&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.trd.2016.03.007
DO - 10.1016/j.trd.2016.03.007
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84961838990
SN - 1361-9209
VL - 46
SP - 1
EP - 10
JO - Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
JF - Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment
ER -