TY - JOUR
T1 - Surface phosphorylation for polyelectrolyte complex of chitosan and its sulfonated derivative
T2 - Surface analysis, blood compatibility and adipose derived stem cell contact properties
AU - Yeh, Hsi Yi
AU - Lin, Jui Che
N1 - Funding Information:
The financial support from the National Science Council, Taiwan, under grant NSC 94-2213-E-006-088 and NSC 95-2221-E-006-018-MY3 is greatly appreciated. We also appreciate the assistance of Dr. T.-M. Lee and Dr. Y.-C. Wu (Institute of Oral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan) in cell-related experiments. We are thankful for the gift of adipose derived stem cells from Dr. Sheng-Che Lin (Department of Plastic Surgery, National Cheng Kung Univer-
PY - 2012
Y1 - 2012
N2 - Many studies have tried to look for the application of chitosan in tissue engineering since its structure is similar to glycoaminoglycans, the main components of the extracellular matrix. Previous studies had indicated that the incorporation of sulfonic or phosphonic functionalities would be beneficial to the growth of certain cells. However, no study has explored the effect of incorporation of both above-mentioned anionic functionalities onto the chitosan structure. In this study, we have surface-phosphorylated the polyelectrolyte film formed by chitosan and water-soluble sulfonated chitosan with the aim to incorporate phosphonic and sulfonic functionalities onto the film surface. Surface analyses by ESCA and ATR-FT-IR have shown that these two functional groups have been successfully grafted onto the surface, and that the ratio of P/S was dependent upon the weight ratio of phosphorylation agents added. Blood compatibility evaluation indicated that phosphorylated polyelectrolyte complexes extended the plasma recalcification time as compared to non-treated chitosan and direct-phosphorylated chitosan film. In addition, these phosphorylated polyelectrolyte complexes showed similar or slightly less platelet reactivity than the non-phosphorylated counterpart. In contrast, significant platelet activation and adhesion were noted on the direct-phosphorylated chitosan. This implicated the incorporation of sulfonic acid onto the phosphorylated surface can increase the platelet compatibility. An adipose-derived stem cell incubation study has demonstrated that the incorporation of both phosphonic and sulfonic acid functionalities onto the chitosan surface can enhance the stem cell growth. Therefore, the phosphorylated polyelectrolyte complexes were not only blood compatible but also stem cell compatible, and could be a novel biomaterial in tissue-engineering applications.
AB - Many studies have tried to look for the application of chitosan in tissue engineering since its structure is similar to glycoaminoglycans, the main components of the extracellular matrix. Previous studies had indicated that the incorporation of sulfonic or phosphonic functionalities would be beneficial to the growth of certain cells. However, no study has explored the effect of incorporation of both above-mentioned anionic functionalities onto the chitosan structure. In this study, we have surface-phosphorylated the polyelectrolyte film formed by chitosan and water-soluble sulfonated chitosan with the aim to incorporate phosphonic and sulfonic functionalities onto the film surface. Surface analyses by ESCA and ATR-FT-IR have shown that these two functional groups have been successfully grafted onto the surface, and that the ratio of P/S was dependent upon the weight ratio of phosphorylation agents added. Blood compatibility evaluation indicated that phosphorylated polyelectrolyte complexes extended the plasma recalcification time as compared to non-treated chitosan and direct-phosphorylated chitosan film. In addition, these phosphorylated polyelectrolyte complexes showed similar or slightly less platelet reactivity than the non-phosphorylated counterpart. In contrast, significant platelet activation and adhesion were noted on the direct-phosphorylated chitosan. This implicated the incorporation of sulfonic acid onto the phosphorylated surface can increase the platelet compatibility. An adipose-derived stem cell incubation study has demonstrated that the incorporation of both phosphonic and sulfonic acid functionalities onto the chitosan surface can enhance the stem cell growth. Therefore, the phosphorylated polyelectrolyte complexes were not only blood compatible but also stem cell compatible, and could be a novel biomaterial in tissue-engineering applications.
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U2 - 10.1163/092050610X547001
DO - 10.1163/092050610X547001
M3 - Article
C2 - 21244720
AN - SCOPUS:82955163875
SN - 0920-5063
VL - 23
SP - 233
EP - 250
JO - Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition
JF - Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition
IS - 1-4
ER -