The 2018 Mw7.5 Palu 'supershear' earthquake ruptures geological fault's multisegment separated by large bends: Results from integrating field measurements, LiDAR, swath bathymetry and seismic-reflection data

Danny Hilman Natawidjaja, Mudrik R. Daryono, Gegar Prasetya, Udrekh, Philip L.F. Liu, Nugroho Dwi Hananto, Widjo Kongko, Wahyu Triyoso, Anggraini Rizkita Puji, Irwan Meilano, Endra Gunawan, Pepen Supendi, Astyka Pamumpuni, Mashyur Irsyam, Lutfi Faizal, Sri Hidayati, Benyamin Sapiie, Mipi A. Kusuma, Sukardan Tawil

研究成果: Article同行評審

50 引文 斯高帕斯(Scopus)

摘要

On 2018 September 28, 18:02:44 local time, the magnitude 7.5 earthquake accompanied by a tsunami and massive liquefaction devastated Palu region in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Comprehensive post-disaster surveys have been conducted, including field survey of surface ruptures, LiDAR, multibeam-bathymetry mapping and seismic-reflection survey. We used these data to map fault ruptures and measure offsets accurately. In contrast to previous remote-sensing studies, suggesting that the earthquake broke an immature, hidden-unknown fault inland, our research shows that it occurred on the mappable, mature geological fault line offshore. The quake ruptured 177-km long multifault segments, bypassing two large releasing bends (first offshore and second inland). The rupture onset occurred at a large fault discontinuity underwater in a transition zone from regional extensional to compressional tectonic regimes. Then, it propagated southward along the ∼110-km submarine fault line before reaching the west side of Palu City. Hence, its long submarine ruptures might trigger massive underwater landslides and significantly contribute to tsunami generation in Palu Bay. The rupture continued inland for another 67 km, showing predominantly left-lateral strike-slip up to 6 m, accompanied by a 5-10 per cent dip-slip on average. The 7 km sizeable releasing bend results in a pull-apart Palu basin. Numerous normal faults occur along the eastern margin. They cut the Quaternary sediments, and some of them ruptured during the 2018 event. Our fault-rupture map on mature straight geological fault lines allows the possible occurrence of early and persistent 'supershear', but significant asperities and barriers on segment boundaries may prohibit it.

原文English
頁(從 - 到)985-1002
頁數18
期刊Geophysical Journal International
224
發行號2
DOIs
出版狀態Published - 2021 2月 1

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • 地球物理
  • 地球化學與岩石學

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