TY - JOUR
T1 - The influence of heavy metals on the polymorphs of dicalcium silicate in the belite-rich clinkers produced from electroplating sludge
AU - Chen, Ying Liang
AU - Shih, Pai Haung
AU - Chiang, Li Choung
AU - Chang, Yi Kuo
AU - Lu, Hsing Cheng
AU - Chang, Juu En
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors gratefully acknowledge the National Science Council, Taiwan for its financial support for this study (Contract No: NSC 96-2221-E-006-032-MY3).
PY - 2009/10/15
Y1 - 2009/10/15
N2 - The purpose of this study is to utilize an electroplating sludge for belite-rich clinker production and to observe the influence of heavy metals on the polymorphs of dicalcium silicate (C2S). Belite-rich clinkers prepared with 0.5-2% of NiO, ZnO, CuO, and Cr2O3 were used to investigate the individual effects of the heavy metals in question. The Reference Intensity Ratio (RIR) method was employed to determine the weight fractions of γ-C2S and β-C2S in the clinkers, and their microstructures were examined by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that nickel, zinc, and chromium have positive effects on β-C2S stabilization (Cr3+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+), whereas copper has a negative effect. The addition of up to 10% electroplating sludge did not have any negative influence on the formation of C2S. It was observed that γ-C2S decreased while β-C2S increased with a rise in the addition of the electroplating sludge. Moreover, nickel and chromium mainly contributed to stabilizing β-C2S in the belite-rich clinkers produced from the electroplating sludge.
AB - The purpose of this study is to utilize an electroplating sludge for belite-rich clinker production and to observe the influence of heavy metals on the polymorphs of dicalcium silicate (C2S). Belite-rich clinkers prepared with 0.5-2% of NiO, ZnO, CuO, and Cr2O3 were used to investigate the individual effects of the heavy metals in question. The Reference Intensity Ratio (RIR) method was employed to determine the weight fractions of γ-C2S and β-C2S in the clinkers, and their microstructures were examined by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that nickel, zinc, and chromium have positive effects on β-C2S stabilization (Cr3+ > Ni2+ > Zn2+), whereas copper has a negative effect. The addition of up to 10% electroplating sludge did not have any negative influence on the formation of C2S. It was observed that γ-C2S decreased while β-C2S increased with a rise in the addition of the electroplating sludge. Moreover, nickel and chromium mainly contributed to stabilizing β-C2S in the belite-rich clinkers produced from the electroplating sludge.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.076
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.076
M3 - Article
C2 - 19464111
AN - SCOPUS:67749107956
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 170
SP - 443
EP - 448
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
IS - 1
ER -