The phase structure, electrical properties, and correlated characterizations of (Mn, Sb) co-tuned PZMnNS-PZT ceramics with relaxation behavior near the morphotropic phase boundary

A normal to relaxor ferroelectric transition was induced by (Mn, Sb) co-tuned Pb[(Mn_xZn_0.1-x)_1/3(Sb _xNb_0.1-x)_2/3(Zr_0.505Ti _0.4895)_0.9]O₃ (x=0-0.1) ceramics near the morphotropic phase boundary using the precursor columbite method. To probe the crystal structure evolution, Raman scattering spectra and fine-scanning fitting curves for XRD patterns were obtained, showing that the B-O bonding energy and the fraction of tetragonal phase decreased with increasing x content. The relaxation degree (ΔT_relax), diffuseness degree (ΔT _{diff (1 kHz)}), and diffuseness exponent (γ) of ceramics increased with x content due to increase in the fraction of rhombohedral phase, inducing a short-range order. Correspondingly, the "hard" effect was enhanced and the mechanical loss ^Qm-¹ decreased from 0.01163 to 0.00063. The square ratio (R_squ) decreased with increasing x content relating to the increase in reduced amount of space charge and the decrease in ^Qm-¹. Moreover, the temperature change rate of resonant frequency (TCF_r) and mechanical quality factor (TCQ _m) could be made approximately zero by adjusting x for temperatures of up to 100°C. To retain the original resonant characterizations of power transducers at high temperature, the trade-off composition of ceramics was obtained at x=0.08 with properties: k_p=0.50, ^Qm- ¹=0.00071, ε₃₃^T/ε₀=900, tan δ=0.0065, γ=1.65, TCF_r=-0.02%, and TCQ _m=10.6%.