TY - JOUR
T1 - Toona sinensis (aqueous leaf extracts) induces apoptosis through the generation of ROS and activation of intrinsic apoptotic pathways in human renal carcinoma cells
AU - Chen, Yung Chia
AU - Chien, Ling Hui
AU - Huang, Bu Miin
AU - Chia, Yi Chen
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by National Science Council Taiwan ( NSC101-2320-B037-024 ) and Kaohsiung Medical University plan ( KMU-Q100016 , KMU-Q110024 ). We thank professors Hseng-Kuang Hsu and Yi-Chen Chia for providing TSL-1 extracts and pure compounds of TSL-1. The authors would like to thank Enago ( www.enago.tw ) for the English language review.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Toona sinensis has been shown to have anti-proliferative effects on several human cancer cell lines. In the present study, we used two clear cell types of renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cell lines to study the anti-tumour effect of the T. sinensis leaf extract (TSL-1). TSL-1 was shown to be cytotoxic to ccRCC cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. We found that treatment with TSL-1 induced apoptotic characteristics, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and mitochondrial membrane potential reduction in ccRCC cells. Furthermore, treatment with TSL-1 increased the expression of activated caspase-3, -7, -9, and cleaved PARP. TSL-1 also caused cytochrome c release from mitochondria and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and heat shock proteins. We suggest that the TSL-1-induced cytotoxic effects may be due to quercetin, gallic acid, and tannic acid. Taken together, the present study suggests that TSL-1 induces apoptosis in ccRCC cell lines by activating mitochondrial-dependent caspases and inhibiting anti-apoptotic proteins.
AB - Toona sinensis has been shown to have anti-proliferative effects on several human cancer cell lines. In the present study, we used two clear cell types of renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cell lines to study the anti-tumour effect of the T. sinensis leaf extract (TSL-1). TSL-1 was shown to be cytotoxic to ccRCC cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. We found that treatment with TSL-1 induced apoptotic characteristics, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and mitochondrial membrane potential reduction in ccRCC cells. Furthermore, treatment with TSL-1 increased the expression of activated caspase-3, -7, -9, and cleaved PARP. TSL-1 also caused cytochrome c release from mitochondria and down-regulation of Bcl-2 and heat shock proteins. We suggest that the TSL-1-induced cytotoxic effects may be due to quercetin, gallic acid, and tannic acid. Taken together, the present study suggests that TSL-1 induces apoptosis in ccRCC cell lines by activating mitochondrial-dependent caspases and inhibiting anti-apoptotic proteins.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jff.2014.01.024
DO - 10.1016/j.jff.2014.01.024
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84898051462
SN - 1756-4646
VL - 7
SP - 362
EP - 372
JO - Journal of Functional Foods
JF - Journal of Functional Foods
IS - 1
ER -