TY - JOUR
T1 - Torrefaction and low temperature carbonization of oil palm fiber and eucalyptus in nitrogen and air atmospheres
AU - Lu, Ke Miao
AU - Lee, Wen Jhy
AU - Chen, Wei Hsin
AU - Liu, Shih Hsien
AU - Lin, Ta Chang
PY - 2012/11
Y1 - 2012/11
N2 - Torrefaction is a pretreatment method for upgrading biomass as solid fuels. To provide flexible operations for effectively upgrading biomass at lower costs, the aim of this study was to investigate the properties of oil palm fiber and eucalyptus pretreated in nitrogen and air atmospheres at temperatures of 250-350 °C for 1 h. Based on energy and solid yield and introducing an energy-mass co-benefit index (EMCI), oil palm fiber pretreatment under nitrogen at 300 °C provided the solid fuel with higher energy density and less volume compared to other temperatures. Pretreatment of oil palm fiber in air resulted in the fuel with low solid and energy yields and is therefore not recommended. For eucalyptus, nitrogen and air can be employed to upgrade the biomass, and the suggested temperatures are 325 and 275 °C, respectively.
AB - Torrefaction is a pretreatment method for upgrading biomass as solid fuels. To provide flexible operations for effectively upgrading biomass at lower costs, the aim of this study was to investigate the properties of oil palm fiber and eucalyptus pretreated in nitrogen and air atmospheres at temperatures of 250-350 °C for 1 h. Based on energy and solid yield and introducing an energy-mass co-benefit index (EMCI), oil palm fiber pretreatment under nitrogen at 300 °C provided the solid fuel with higher energy density and less volume compared to other temperatures. Pretreatment of oil palm fiber in air resulted in the fuel with low solid and energy yields and is therefore not recommended. For eucalyptus, nitrogen and air can be employed to upgrade the biomass, and the suggested temperatures are 325 and 275 °C, respectively.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84865555284&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84865555284&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.096
DO - 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.07.096
M3 - Article
C2 - 22940305
AN - SCOPUS:84865555284
SN - 0960-8524
VL - 123
SP - 98
EP - 105
JO - Bioresource technology
JF - Bioresource technology
ER -
