Understanding of human behaviors from videos in nursing care monitoring systems

This paper addresses the issue in scenario-based understanding of human behavior from videos in a nursing care monitoring system. The analysis is carried out based on experiments consisting of single-state scenarios and multi-state scenarios where the former monitors activities under contextual contexts for elementary behavior reasoning, while the latter dictating the elementary behavior order for behavior reasoning, with a priori knowledge in system profile for normality detection. By integrating the activities, situation context, and profile knowledge we can have a better understanding of patients in a monitoring system. In activity recognition, a Negation-Selection mechanism is developed. which employs a divide-and-conquer concept with the Negation using posture transition to preclude the negative set from the activities. The Selection that follows the Negation uses a moving history trace for activity recognition. Such a history trace composes not only the pose from single frame, but also history trajectory information. As a result, the activity can be more accurately identified. The developed approach has been established into a nursing care monitoring system for elder's daily life behaviors. Results have shown the promise of the approach which can accurately interpret 85% of the regular daily behavior. In addition, the approach is also applied to accident detection which was found to have 90% accuracy with 0% false alarm.